"Any photographer who tries to portray human beings in a penetrating way must put more heart and mind into his preparation than will ever show in any photograph."
"Any photographer who tries to portray human beings in a penetrating way must put more heart and mind into his preparation than will ever show in any photograph."
Office hours: |
Mondays and Thursdays, 3:00 – 4:00pm; other times by appointment |
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E-mail address: |
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Web site address |
http://www.thorntonfriends.org/ssus/homework/normanspage.htm |
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B. General Course Information |
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Credit hours: |
1/2 |
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Course description: |
Continuing introduction to the basics of digital photography with an emphais on using Adobe Photoshop to produce images ready for Web and Print |
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Textbooks, software, supplies, equipment and tools: |
Required
Optional
Software Basically, you need two functions from your software. First, you need to be able to develop – or, post-process – your photos. That means software to crop, rotate, adjust colors, and print and save. However, if you are like most digital photographers, you'll end up taking thousands of photos, so you also need something to help you catalog, back-up, and find those photos.
Some software will do both, and people like having both functions in the same program. Others prefer having separate programs, perhaps under the theory that each program will do that one specific job really well. Your choice. A lot depends on your own style, your computer, your budget and really, just what you like. My advice is to look around and try several before deciding on something, because cataloging thousands of photographs can be a real time consuming, mind-numbing process, and once you've done it, you really don't want to have to do it again. A good place to go and look at various software is http://www.download.com/Digital-Photography/2001-2204_4-0.html?tag=dir because you can download the programs, or trial versions, directly from there. Also, offerings are constantly being updated, revised and added to, so anything I may say here is likely to be outdated soon enough. We use Photoshop CS2 here at school. This is not an inexpensive program, and I would suggest that you do not try and duplicate it at home unless you are positive you are going to use it a lot – and then, be sure to get an academic copy. Better yet, get Photoshop Elements. Personally, I try to use open-source software whenever I can; freeware comes next, but if you like a program and especially if you are going to use it as part of a business, you should buy it. The combination of Picasa for organizing, Flickr for storage and http://www.getpaint.net/download.html for image editing is a good place to start. (All are free, and all are good programs.) ▪
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C. Course Content and Outcomes |
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Course content: |
We will focus primarily on improving your digital photgraphy, from coneption to output (print and web). For those who would like it, there will be an opportunity to work on the 2008 Yearbook. |
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Learning outcomes: |
The successful student will leave this course comfortable with the workings of his or her camera, knowledgeable about the basic technical terms and functions of photograpy and digital photography, and with a digital portfolio of his or her work for display. |
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Assessments: |
The main area of assessment will be on production, i.e., the work you actually produce. This will account for 60% of your final grade. Another 20% will be based on infrequent quizzes, homework,, reading, and other assignments. Last, you will produce a final portfolio for the remaining 20% of your grade. |
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Grading criteria: |
Primary consideration will be given to an assignment's completeness, promptness, and quality of product. |
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D. Student Resources |
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Computer Lab: |
The computer lab, during non-school hours, is available for your use as long as someone is in the building. The computers are reserved for those students who are doing school work, so if there are none available, feel free to ask somepne who is suing it for non-school purposes to surrender it to you.
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Laptops: |
Generally speaking, laptops are not as useful as desktops for digital photography due to their inferior graphics qualities. That said, you may find it convenient or even necessary to use one. Laptop numbers 9-12 have Photoshop on them, though No.12 will be reserved for my use. Be sure to return them to the cart and plug them in when you are done.
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File handling: |
I am not responsible for your files. If you put them on the server and the server crashes, you are still responsible for your work. Therefore, I urge you to always keep back up copies somewhere – on your computer at home, online storage, etc. A very good method of handling your work is to open a Flickr or PhotoBucket or similar kind of account. You will have access to your photo files at shcool, at home, or wherever you are.
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Late work: |
If you are absent the day an assignment is due, it is due upon your first day of returning to school. Work will be accepted up to one week late with a full grade loss. Work more than a week late will not be accepted unless you've spoken to me before the last due date and gotten a verified extension. |
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Online resources and services: |
There are so many useful resources for photography on the web that it is impossible to list them all here. For your convenience, I will list them on the Photography Homework page, where you can link to them from there. I urge you to make good use of them.
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Structure |
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Week 1 Feb. 7 – Feb 8 (2 days) |
Class Starts Introduction |
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Week 2 Feb. 11 – Feb15 (5 days) |
Introduction to Photoshop: Intro to Layers, the Type tool Assessment: “Making a Living: Book Cover” (Due Thursday, Feb. 14) |
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Week 3 Feb. 18 – Feb 22 (4 days) (No school on Monday for President's Day) |
Making Selections; Color control (Levels, Curves and Channel Mixer) Assessment: “The Photo Express” (Due Thursday, Feb 21) |
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Week 4 Feb. 25 – Feb 29 (5 days) |
More on Layers; Layer Masks – Using Bridge Assessment: “Freshmen in a Virtual Collage” (Due Thursday, Feb 28) |
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Week 5 Mar. 3 – Mar. 7 (5 days) |
Color, Resolution and Printing Assessment: “Pushing the Envelope” (Due Monday, Mar. 10) |
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Weeks 6 & 7 Mar. 10 – Mar. 14 (4 days) (Museum Day on Friday) |
Using filters and achieving painterly effects Assessment: “Land Ho!” (Due Thursday, Mar 20) |
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Week 7 Mar. 17 – Mar. 21 (4 days) (No School on Friday – Spring Break) |
Above, continued. | |||
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Spring Break |
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Week 8 Mar. 31 – Apr. 4 (5 days) |
Duotone Assessment: “A Beckoning Portrait”(Due Friday, April 4) |
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Week 9 Apr. 7 – Apr. 11 (5 days) |
End 3rd Quarter |
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Week 10 Apr. 14 – Apr 18 (5 days) |
Exteriors Assessment: "Working for the Man" |
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Week 11 Apr. 21 – Apr 25 (5 days) |
Light Control Assessment: "Project 9 From Outer Space" |
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Week 12 Apr. 28 – May 2 (4 days) No School on Friday |
Macro Photography Assessment: Mr. DeMille? Mr. DeMILLE?? |
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Week 13 May 5 – May 9 (4 days) No school on Monday |
Minimalism Assessment: Now Strip!Due: Friday May 9 |
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Week 14 May 12 – May 16 (5 days) |
Shooting Action Assessment: Speed Thrills!Due: Friday May 9
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Week 15 May 19 – May 23 (5 days) |
Shooting at Night |
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Week 16 May 26 – May 30 (4 days) No school on Monday – Mem Day |
Shooting White |
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Week 17 Jun 2 – Jun 6 (2 days) Catoctin Wed- Fri |
Portfolios |
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Week 18 Jun 9 – Jun 12 (3 days) |
Portfolio Presentations |
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Backstory: You're twenty-five – long past the time when you should be relying on Mom and Dad to bail you out with a check or a free meal. Your out of college – your friends are all buying condominiums from their salaries as investment bankers, stockbrokers and television show writers. You – you've taken the honorable road. You've become a photographer.
It's left you broke, of course. You've got a studio full of expensive equipment and a kitchen too empty for the mice to visit. Your rent is due next week, and your appointment book is cleaner than Martha Stuart's private bathroom. Your feet are up on the table, but your spirits are down in the sewer.
The phone rings – an unfamiliar sound. “Hello,” you answer. “Photography Studio.”
A sultry voice on the other end says you're hired to do her client's next book jacket. “We need something fresh, something exciting and different. Something that's going to sell this piece of trash to people your age who got too much money and nothing to do.”
“I got plenty of one,” you think. “And I could sure use some of the other.”
She constinues. “We'll pay you $10,000 if you can get us something we love by Thursday. Got it?”
Yeah, you say. You got it.
What: A book cover, with book title and author's name.
Book Description: (Varies for each student.)
Format: 6” x 9” x 300ppi jpg. Saved to file as “yourname_proj1.jpg” in the folder, “Book Cover.”
Due: no later than 3:00 pm Thursday, February 14th.
Grading: on a scale from 1-10, with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of photograph and final image, adherence to instructions, and creative quality.) Any work later than the deadline automatically loses a full point. No work accepted after 3:00pm, Thursday Feb 21.
Extra credit: $1,000 for a quality spine (1-1/2”). $3,000 for a quality back cover. (Extra credit work is not accepted after the due date.)
Expenses: Rent: $600 (cheap!); credit card payment for all that photo equipment: $300; professional looking cards and statioinery: $200; new graphics card for your computer: $200. Total expenses: $1300.
Backstory: So you are fresh off your first assignment, feeling better about yourself and the world in general. Nothing picks up your spirits like depositing a check! (The triple-shot espresso you've treated yourself to doesn't hurt, either.)
A friend of yours works in an art gallery, and happens to know the owner’s sister’s boyfriend’s cousin’s friend is going to open her own gallery, this one specializing in contemporary photography, especially of the digital stripe. “What type?” you ask.
“I’m not sure,” your friend replies. “But I was in her loft once, and I remember really colorful, very expressionistic stuff. Like de kooning, only more real, you know?”
“Sure,” you say, frantically searching the internet to find images by de koonig. “I can do that!”
What: 3 images to send to the new gallery’s owner, hoping she’ll buy your work, display it, and garner you new clients.
Format: 8” x 10” x 96ppi jpg. Portrait or landscape. Saved to file as “yourname_proj2_a (b, c).jpg” in the folder, “Expression”.
Due: no later than 3:00 pm Thursday, February 21st.
Grading: Maximum of $4500 (4.5 points, or $13,500 for all three) for each image, with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of photograph and final image, adherence to instructions, and creative quality.) Any work later than the deadline automatically loses a full point. No work accepted after 3:00pm, Thursday Feb 28.
Expenses: Rent: $600 (still cheap!); credit card payment for all that photo equipment: $300; dinner for your friend as payment for the introduction: $100; new clothes for meeting gallery owner: $500; framing: $500; down-payment on car: $1500 (total: $3500)
Bonus: The owner apparently likes “themes,” especially in groups of three, so if you come up with a themed group she really likes, she’ll pay an extra $1500.
Backstory: A small, Quaker high school in the Maryland suburbs just outside of DC needs some pages for a promotional “yearbook.” This book will be used in promoting the school in the area, particularly trying to attract people to the notion of Quaker education. The development coordinator saw your work in the new art gallery, and has contacted you, offering $10,000 for you to come in, take photographs around the school and assemble an “impact’ page, which will be used at the very front of the book.
What: A pictorial collage of people around school – doing school type things - studying, hanging out, talking, walking . . . you get the idea . . .that promotes the idea of a Quaker high school. Be sure you are using layers and layer masks effectively. Images should be merged seamlessly, even as you move between different scales, or even from color to black and white. (There should be no “cut lines.”)
Format: 8-1/2” x11” x 96 ppi jpg. Saved to file as “yourname_proj3.jpg” in the folder, “Collage.”
Due: no later than 3:00 pm Thursday, February 28th
Grading: on a scale from $0-$10,000 with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of photographs and final image, adherence to instructions, and creative quality.) Any work later than the deadline automatically loses a full point ($1,000). No work accepted after 3:00pm, Thursday Mar 6.
Extra credit: The client would love to see you incorporate, in a clever and creative way, their logo. However, they feel as though the logo they currently have is outdated, and would like a new one. They’ll pay an extra $3000 for the design of a good logo, and an extra $1000 for having it skillfully incorporated into the collage.
Expenses: Rent: $600; monthly credit card payment: $300; new couch for the apartment: $400.
Backstory: Well, you’ve started to make a little money, but you still need a lot more. Bills to pay, food to buy, maybe a car to buy. College loan payments are starting up. Plus mom and dad really want you to fly back home for the holidays, and plane tickets aren’t as cheap as they used to be. (Jet fuel is expensive.)
ON a leisurely Saturday, you and a friend wander into a book shop where you flip through the pages of books you can’t afford until you both decide to walk down the block and get some coffee. On the way out, you walk past the cashier station and notice a bunch of greeting cards with beautiful photography on them. “Maybe I could do this,” you say to your friend. “You know, turn some photos into cards and sell them everywhere.”
An elderly gentleman behind the counter hears you and steps over. “Nah, don’t waste your time,” he says. “Market’s too crowded. Everyone with a camera thinks they can do that. Plus, everyone just makes their own nowadays.”
He looks at the crushed expression on your face and leans over close to you. You can smell cough syrup on his breath. “Envelopes,” he whispers. “It’s the next big thing.”
What: Two 4”x7-1/2” envelopes, suitable for mailing, made up of your photographs. (Examples in class.) These should adhere to USPS regulations, and should have a place for address, return address and stamp.
Format: You should be prepared to turn in the actual envelopes. You will get them back, with stamps.
Due: no later than the start of class on Monday, March 10th
Grading: on a scale from $0-$5,000 for each envelope, with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of photographs and final product, adherence to instructions, and creative quality.) Any work later than the deadline automatically loses a full point ($1,000). No work accepted after Friday, March 14th.
Extra credit: Working in your address, return address and stamp placement into the design (and not just an overlay). $0 - $1500.
Expenses: Rent: $600; monthly credit card payment: $250; student loan: $450. (Total: $1300)
Some links - follow them!
Backstory: You took a long time to develop your envelopes, and income from them is likely a long way away – if ever. Your bills don’t wait however, and you need to get some income soon to pay rent, electricity, gas, and all the rest.
You get a call from your mom. After the usual chit-chat, you are just about to tell her that your cell phone battery is dead so you can hang up, when she says, “Oh honey, do you remember Mr. Cleveland? You know, that Sissy girl’s father – the one whose picture was in Business Week last year? Well, I ran into his wife at work last week – she’ involved in the same business as I am you know, so we run into one another from time to time and when I told her you were a photographer, she asked me to ask you if you would do some photographs for husband – he’s turning 55 in a couple of weeks. Seem he really likes this poet – I can’t remember the name - Winford Barry or William Harry or something? Anyway, you should look him up. She wants you to do a couple of landscape photographs based on his poetry. And you know the Clevelands – she’ll pay you well if she likes it. Of course, if she doesn’t, don’t expect much! But you’re so brilliant honey, I know you can do it!”
What: A series of three landscapes, which you will interpret through the use of Photoshop and filters, all based on your choice of poetry by Wendell Berry.
Format: A series of landscapes in grayscale. See this photoshop document for layout. Save to file as “yourname_proj_5.jpg” in the folder, “Landscape.”
Due: no later than the end of class on Thursday, March 20th
Grading: on a scale from $0-$4,000 for each image, with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of photographs and final product, adherence to instructions, and creative quality.) Any work later than the deadline automatically loses a full point ($1,000). No work accepted after the deadline, due to spring break.
Extra credit: 1 point ($1000) for following instructions perfectly.
Expenses: Rent: $600; monthly credit card payment: $250; student loan: $450, phone bill: $200. (Total: $1500)
Backstory: A friend of yours - did I mention a wealthy friend of yours? – wants to have his/her portrait done. He or she is an aspiring actor or actress, and needs a portrait to hand out via his or her agent – something to make them look very attractive and get his/her foot in the door for auditions. In speaking with him/her (this gets really tiring), s/he mentions that s/he really like the photos from the old Gap store ad line, where celebrities are seen in relaxed and casual poses. “Make me look like that,” s/he says, “and I’ll do the rest. I’ll be a star!”
What: A single portrait, which is flattering to the model and makes them look as best as they can be portrayed. Think “media”: advertisements, glamour magazines, television, etc. You want your model to be attractive!
Format: Final image should be color, grayscale or duotone. It should be 300 ppi, .jpg file, saved into the proper folder. You have the following choices of image sizes: 5” x 7”, 8” x 8” or 8” x 10”, portrait or landscape.
Due: no later than the end of class on Friday, April 4th. Late work receives one full grade penalty. No work accepted after Friday, April 11th (end of 3rd quarter).
Grading: on a scale from $0-$10,000 for the image, with consideration for completeness and quality of design (includes quality of lighting, pose, post-production work and final product).
Extra credit: $2500 for each extra image, up to a total of three. (The required one, plus two extra.) The extras can be of the same model, but they should be substantially different from the first. Either different lighting, different context, or entirely different mood/ effect.
Expenses: Rent: $800 (went up!); monthly credit card payment: $225 (went down – good for you!); student loan: $450, phone bill: $200, health insurance premium: $150. (Total: $1825)
Project 7 : Multiple Intelligence Self Portrait
We’re taking a break from our regularly scheduled programming to bring you this special assignment based on the idea of multiple intelligences.
Choose the description that you feel most comfortable with, and then complete the project described.
Verbal/Linguistic |
Visual/Spatial |
Logical/Mathematical |
Naturalist |
Musical |
Bodily/Kinesthetic |
Intrapersonal |
Interpersonal |
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Backstory: You need money. Not for games or thrills or even spills, but for the basics: food on the table, somewhere to sleep that’s warm and has a shower in the morning. Your local Chamber of Commerce is looking for a picture to turn into a poster, used to promote the city and hopefully lure businesses to locate there. Your task: to come up with an image that promotes Silver Spring (or whatever local city is available to you) and makes it look attractive to business.
What: One image, or a series of images combined into one. 8” x 10”. Color, black and white, mono or duotone – the color choice is yours.
Format: The city will ONLY accept digital images in .jpg format, 300 ppi.
Due: no later than the end of the school day, Monday, April 21. Place in folder, “City Promotional.” Drop Dead Date: Thursday, April 24th.
Grading: on a scale from $0-$10,000 for the image, with consideration for completeness and quality of design, as well as “promotionability.”
Extra credit: $2000 for incorporating into the image an original, catchy slogan that helps the overall promotional effort.
Expenses: Rent: $800; monthly credit card payment: $200; student loan: $450, phone bill: $150. (Total: $ 1600
Light can be described in terms of four physical attributes which are at times overlapping and related: intensity, direction, color, and diffusion. (A fifth attribute, contrast, is not descriptive of the light itself; however, it is affected to some degree by the four qualities mentioned.)
Intensity of light is simply its brightness.
Choose direction to show or to hide textures. Side lighting will emphasize texture and form and occurs in nature early and late in the day.
Back light can be used to emphasize an outline or a silhouette, or to show the translucency of a subject. Front lit subjects are illuminated from behind the photographer. This type of lighting tends to flatten an image and is useful only if that is your creative intent.
Light color is among the most misunderstood qualities of light. The reason for this is our very efficient eyes and brains. Our brains correct shifts in color almost instantly. As we watch a sunset, we see the orange in the sky. If we look at trees illuminated by the sunset, they look vaguely orange to our eyes but a camera will render the uncorrected version of bright orange trees.
If we are in a department store illuminated by fluorescent lighting, our eyes fail to see the obvious lime color of that type of light. Take a picture with no flash and your camera will show the green. Once you understand how much color correcting goes on inside your brain, you can begin to train yourself to see subtle variations in light color that add up to major color shifts in your pictures..
Color Shifts and Corrections
BLUES: During most of the day, our scenes are illuminated by sunlight, which is generally white as far as a camera is concerned. However, there is also a smaller degree of illumination coming from the blue sky itself. If you take a picture in the shade on a blue sky day, that shot is illuminated only by the blue sky and whatever sunlight is reflected into the scene by other objects. The scene looks naturally colored to the eye, but to the camera, the scene will be blue.
On days with big cumulus clouds dividing the blue areas, or on hazy days the problem is less pronounced, since the white clouds reflect some sunlight into the scene or due to the intensity of the blue being diminished by haze. Beware of shade shooting on clear, cloudless days, you will need to warm your photo with either a filter or by increasing its white point value.
GREENS: Woodland green is another color shift problem that can occur as light filters through translucent leaves. You may not find this objectionable, however.
REDS: Photographers are often so intent on capturing the red of a sunset or sunrise, that the rich indigos go unnoticed. Try to shoot laterally on those days, finding objects that are bathed in red on one half, and shadowed in deep blue on the other half. During sunrise and sunset, these areas are to the North and South.
Finally, light can be either diffuse or hard. This attribute is determined by the relative size of the light source. The sun is a point light source and produces hard light with shadows that show sharp edges. This type of light intensifies contrast (the range of dark and light tones). If it is your intent to accent contrast and jagged lines or textures, than this type of light can work. Due to digital image sensor limitations, diffuse light is better for most nature photography.
Diffuse light softens and feathers shadow edges while lowering contrast to a level that the camera can handle. The larger the apparent size of the light source, the more diffuse the light. Therefore, on an overcast day, the entire white sky is the light source with an apparent size that stretches from horizon to horizon, so the light quality is very diffused. Compare this to a scene illuminated by the sun, which has an apparent size which is much smaller, yielding scenes that have distinct shadows.
A point light source does not have to be bright. A candle, or the full moon are both point light sources that create distinct shadows: the intensity is just less than that of the sun. Diffused light tends to render scenes more like our eyes perceive them. Diffused light can be created on a sunny day by using translucent materials to erect a tent or a screen between the sun and the subject. This type of light is similar to light produced on lightly overcast to very hazy days that produce discernible but soft shadows.
-Adapted from an article by Larry Sizemore Oct 29, 2005
Project: Pick an object and photograph it under at least 12 of the following 16 lighting conditions:
Bonus: photograph the object under all 16 conditions.
Guaranteed A+ (12 of 10 Points): create a single image of the 16 images, arranged in a 4x4 grid of cells, each cell with one photo and a description below of the light type.
Backstory: You’re out of work. You’d like to go out, but you’ve exhausted the supply of free things to do around the city, and you have no money to do all the fun things your investment banker friends are doing. You’re sitting around the apartment, doing nothing, trying not to think about how hungry you are. So you start looking closely at things – really closely – and you pick up your camera and start doing some macro photography.
What’s macro photography? Traditionally, it was any image, the negative of which was the same size (or bigger!) as the object itself. Think of a taking a picture of a penny – the radius of the penny on your film negative would be the same as the radius of the actual penny.
Macro in the digital age is a little more difficult to define because there is no negative. As a rough guide though, you should be taking something that, when printed at 300 dpi, would be about the size of the project itself. For practical considerations, unless you have a macro lens, this more or less means getting as close to an object as your lens will allow you and still be in focus.
From the artistic side however, there’s more to “macro’ than meets the eye (ha-ha!) Go on the web and look at macro groups on Flickr (LOTS); look it up on Wikipedia, Photo.net and other places. Look for it in Google images, Yahoo images, Photobucket, and other places. There’s an aesthetic that we’ll talk about in class that’s common to macro photography – and that, of course, is both limiting and freeing.
What: A half-dozen macro images.
Format: .jpg format, 300 ppi.
Due: no later than the end of the school day, Friday, May 1. Place in folder, “Macros.” Drop Dead Date: Tuesday, May 6.
Grading: on a scale from 0-10. No money involved here, since you're just doing this for fun.
Extra credit: An extra 2 points for a thematic group of images.
Expenses: Rent: $800; monthly credit card payment: $200; student loan: $450, phone bill: $150. (Total: $ 1600) Bummer, what with no income!
Backstory: “Less is More” Mies van der Rohe famously said, and constructed buildings that were subtle, precise and beautiful. Unfortunately, they became an easy model for budget-conscious builders, and with lesser able designers on their payrolls, they ushered in an age of boring, passionless and inhumane architecture, much of which dominates places like K Street and most of Arizona.
Being a minimalist isn’t easy. It takes more than stripping out all that is unneeded, though it does take that as a start. It also takes understanding that what you are left with must be powerful, placed precisely and able to withstand the scrutiny of unfettered attention. And if you’re not comfortable with that, you’d better dim the lights!
What: Two really, really good minimalist images.
Format: .jpg format, 396 ppi.
Due: 6 proposals by Thursday; Finals due Friday.
Grading: on a scale from 0-10. No money involved here!
Extra credit: An extra 2 points for strong and appropriate use of color.
Backstory: Sometimes it seems as though the still image is in danger, eventually, of going the way of the spittoon (or even smoking!), which is to say, into obsolescence. Movies are now easy to shoot, edit and post online, and have the added benefit of including sound, speech, and most of all, action. Movies mimic real life; photographs have an essential lie to them, in that they capture a moment. That moment is, in fact, a falsehood, for life is a continuum, and slicing it up - even into very small (1/1000 of a second) instances, doesn’t mean that “moment” was real.
When shooting a portrait, this is less important, since the image represents someone who is, essentially, stationary, at least for a minute or two. But how does a still image convey speed? Action? A sense of movement?
What: Two really, really good action images.
Format: .jpg format, 300 ppi.
Due: 6 proposals by Wednesday; Finals due Friday.
Grading: on a scale from 0-10.
Extra credit: An extra 3 points for a controlled, studio-like set-up.
Examples and sites for reference:
Reference Sites: